Uraeginthus

Uraeginthus is a genus of birds in the family Estrildidae, commonly known as waxbills. These small, finch-like birds are native to sub-Saharan Africa. The genus name Uraeginthus is derived from the Greek words "oura" meaning tail and "aeginthos" meaning a type of bird, referring to their relatively long, pointed tails.

There are currently three recognized species within the genus Uraeginthus: the Blue-capped Cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus cyanocephalus), the Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus bengalus), and the Purple-bellied Cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus ianthinogaster). All species share a similar general appearance with slender bodies, short legs, and conical bills adapted for feeding on seeds. Males and females often exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males typically displaying more vibrant plumage, particularly the characteristic blue or red markings on the head and cheeks, which give them their common name.

These birds are primarily found in dry savannahs, grasslands, and open woodlands, where they forage for small seeds, supplemented by insects, especially during the breeding season. They are often seen in pairs or small flocks. Their nests are typically constructed from grass and other plant materials, often placed in bushes or thorny trees. Uraeginthus species are popular in the avicultural trade due to their attractive appearance and relatively docile nature, though their specific needs require careful attention from keepers. Conservation status varies among the species, with most currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, but habitat loss and the pet trade can pose localized threats.