Unitarismo

Unitarismo refers to a family of Christian theological movements that reject the doctrine of the Trinity and affirm the unity of God. Historically, unitarian ideas emerged during the Reformation in Europe, notably in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 16th century (often associated with Socinianism) and in Transylvania, where the 16th‑century Unitarian Church received legal toleration in 1568. Over time, these strands developed distinct identities within broader Christian and religious landscapes.

Core beliefs common to many unitarian currents include the belief in the oneness of God, the rejection of the Trinity, and an emphasis on reason and personal conscience in interpreting Scripture. Jesus is typically regarded as a moral teacher or prophet rather than divine, and salvation is understood in ethical terms—through living a just life and honoring the relationship with God. Authority is often viewed as derived from scripture, reason, and experience rather than an externally imposed creed, and many communities promote freedom of belief and religious toleration.

In the modern era, Unitarianism encompasses a range of expressions. Some congregations maintain traditional Christian roots with nontrinitarian beliefs, while others align with broader liberal or humanist approaches. A key development is Unitarian Universalism (UU) in the United States, formed in 1961 by the merger of Unitarian and Universalist denominations; UU is religiously pluralistic, drawing on diverse sources such as humanism, world religions, science, and personal experience, and it emphasizes social justice and inclusivity. In other regions, Unitarismo may refer to distinct local movements or a broader nontrinitarian tradition within Christianity.

Overall, Unitarismo denotes a historical and contemporary range of nontrinitarian religious perspectives centered on the unity of God, reason, and often inclusive, pluralistic practice.