salvation

Salvation is the act of being saved or delivered from danger, harm, or a condition deemed undesirable. In religious contexts, it commonly refers to the rescue of the soul from sin, guilt, or alienation from the divine, and the prospect of eternal life or union with God. In secular usage, it can mean rescue from physical danger or from moral or social crises.

In Christianity, salvation is central and is often described as deliverance from sin and its consequences through grace, by faith in Jesus Christ. Different traditions emphasize various aspects such as justification by faith, sanctification, and eventual glorification. Some theories of atonement explain how Jesus’ death and resurrection accomplish this rescue, while debates continue over the relative roles of faith, works, and grace.

In Judaism, salvation is frequently tied to the covenantal relationship with God, communal redemption, and ethical living. Concepts of deliverance from oppression and the eventual coming of the Messiah are common, with an emphasis on this-world responsibility and repentance rather than a single universal moment of atonement.

In Islam, salvation is attained through submission to God (Islam), faith, righteous deeds, and God’s mercy. Belief in the Day of Judgment and accountability for actions are central, with salvation viewed as both personal virtue and communal justice.

Other traditions pursue liberation in different terms: Hinduism and Sikhism speak of moksha or mukti, Buddhism of nirvana, as liberation from the cycle of birth and death. In secular discourse, salvation can describe rescue from danger, harm, or social ills, highlighting a broader use of the term beyond theology.