Trúnnitrú

Trúnnitrú, also known as trinitrotoluene or TNT, is a widely used explosive compound. It is composed of a toluene molecule with three nitro functional groups (-NO2) attached to it. The chemical formula for TNT is C7H5N3O6. TNT is known for its high explosive power and stability, making it a popular choice for military and industrial applications.

The synthesis of TNT involves the nitration of toluene with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids. This process is highly exothermic and requires careful control to prevent accidents. Once synthesized, TNT is typically purified and formulated into explosive compositions, such as TNT-based explosives, which are used in various applications, including military munitions, mining, and construction.

TNT is classified as a secondary explosive, meaning it requires a detonator or booster to initiate its detonation. It is known for its high brisance, which is a measure of its ability to shatter objects, and its relatively low sensitivity to impact and friction. These properties make it suitable for a wide range of applications.

However, the use of TNT has also raised concerns due to its environmental impact. TNT and its degradation products can persist in the environment for long periods, posing risks to wildlife and human health. As a result, there is ongoing research into alternative explosives and the safe disposal of TNT-containing materials.