Trykkfallsyke

Trykkfallsyke, also known as decompression sickness or "the bends," is a condition that occurs when dissolved gases in the body, primarily nitrogen, come out of solution and form bubbles. This typically happens when a person ascends too quickly from a high-pressure environment, such as during scuba diving or in caisson work. The rapid decrease in ambient pressure causes the dissolved gases in the tissues and bloodstream to expand and form bubbles, similar to how bubbles form when opening a carbonated beverage.

The symptoms of trykkfallsyke can vary widely depending on the location and size of the gas bubbles. Mild cases might present with joint pain, often described as a deep ache, which is the origin of the term "the bends." More severe symptoms can include skin rashes, dizziness, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and shortness of breath. In critical situations, bubbles can block blood flow to vital organs, leading to paralysis, stroke, or even death.

Treatment for trykkfallsyke involves recompression, usually in a hyperbaric chamber. This process gradually increases the pressure, forcing the gas bubbles back into solution. Once the bubbles are dissolved, the pressure is slowly reduced, allowing the gases to be eliminated from the body in a controlled manner. Prevention is key and involves ascending slowly from depth, obeying decompression stop limits, and avoiding strenuous activity after diving. Divers are trained in decompression procedures to minimize the risk of developing this condition.