Tragsystem

Tragsystem refers to the load-bearing skeleton of a building or civil structure, consisting of the structural elements and their connections that transfer loads from the structure to the foundation. It defines the primary load paths and influences architectural layout, space planning, and service integration, while ensuring safety against gravity, wind, and seismic forces. The Tragsystem is designed to provide sufficient stiffness, stability, and ductility, as well as acceptable serviceability.

Common types of Tragsystem include frame systems (columns and beams forming a skeletal structure), shear wall systems (rigid walls that resist lateral loads), braced frame systems (diagonally braced frames for lateral stiffness), and truss or lattice systems (triangulated networks for efficient load transfer). Shell or membrane systems use curved surfaces to carry loads, sometimes in combination with conventional frames or walls. In practice, buildings often employ hybrid systems, such as a reinforced concrete frame with shear walls or a steel frame with floor slabs, chosen according to architectural goals, climate, and economy.

Materials used for Tragsystem design typically include reinforced concrete, steel, and timber, frequently in composite configurations to optimize strength, weight, and construction speed. The choice of system affects not only structural behavior under gravity and lateral loads but also construction methods, erection sequence, and long-term performance, including fire safety and durability.

In engineering practice, the Tragsystem is a fundamental variable in architectural and structural planning, influencing floor grids, column spacing, foundation design, and overall spatial organization. Advanced concepts for tall or long-span structures include tube, diagrid, and space-frame configurations to balance stiffness, redundancy, and material efficiency.