Toiduseadused

Toiduseadused are the legal rules that govern the production, processing, labeling, distribution and sale of foods. They aim to protect public health, ensure food safety and hygiene, guarantee truthful information for consumers, and provide a predictable framework for business operations in the food market.

Most toiduseadused operate within a two-layer system: European Union rules and national legislation that implements them. Core EU rules cover general safety, hygiene (HACCP-based), food contact materials, limits on contaminants and additives, and labeling, nutrition information and health or nutrition claims.

National laws also establish registration and inspection of food businesses, recall procedures and penalties for violations. They outline responsibilities for producers, processors, distributors and retailers throughout the supply chain.

Key elements common to many regimes include traceability, temperature control, allergen labeling, date marking, storage and transport standards, and advertising rules to prevent misleading claims.

Enforcement is carried out by health, agriculture or consumer protection authorities through inspections, sanctions and recalls. Compliance is supported by requirements such as HACCP-based safety management and record-keeping.

Toiduseadused are periodically updated to reflect scientific developments, new technologies and evolving consumer expectations, balancing safety with fair commerce and transparent information.