Tietokoneohjelmisto

Tietokoneohjelmisto, commonly referred to as software, is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is the intangible counterpart to the physical hardware of a computer system. Software dictates what a computer can do and how it does it.

There are broadly two main categories of software: system software and application software. System software manages and controls the computer hardware and provides a platform for application software to run. This includes operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux, as well as device drivers and utility programs. Operating systems are fundamental, handling tasks such as memory management, process scheduling, and file system operations.

Application software, on the other hand, is designed to perform specific tasks for the end-user. Examples include word processors, web browsers, spreadsheets, video games, and media players. These programs are built to leverage the capabilities provided by the system software.

Software can be developed in various programming languages, such as Python, Java, C++, or JavaScript. The process of creating software is known as programming or software development, which involves designing, coding, testing, and maintaining the code. Software can be distributed in various forms, including being pre-installed on devices, downloaded from the internet, or accessed via cloud services. The ongoing development and evolution of software are central to technological advancement and our interaction with digital devices.