Terveysuhka

Terveysuhka is a term used in public health to describe any factor or event with the potential to harm human health. It encompasses risks affecting individuals or communities and may originate from biological agents, chemicals, physical hazards, environmental conditions, or social and behavioral factors. Public health systems identify, assess, monitor, and respond to health threats to reduce harm through prevention and preparedness.

Common categories include biological threats such as outbreaks of infectious diseases; chemical threats such as toxic substances or contaminated food; physical threats such as accidents or radiation; and environmental threats such as air pollution or heat waves. Social determinants and behaviors that increase vulnerability, such as inequities, substance use, or poor lifestyle choices, are also considered health threats when they affect population health.

Risk assessment combines likelihood and potential impact, supported by surveillance and early-warning systems. Public health authorities coordinate detection, information sharing, and response, with involvement from environmental, food-safety, and occupational regulators. International guidance from organizations like the World Health Organization informs national decisions.

Prevention and mitigation include vaccination, hygiene and safe practices, environmental controls, and preparedness planning. In acute events, authorities communicate risks, conduct testing and tracing where appropriate, and mobilize resources. The concept of terveysuhka guides policy discussions and public communication about protecting health.