Szakmakeretek

Szakmakeretek are formalized guidelines that define the competences expected for a given profession or occupational area. They describe the knowledge, skills, and professional abilities that a worker should demonstrate at specified levels, often including performance criteria and assessment methods. Szakmakeretek are used to structure vocational education and training, helping to translate industry needs into measurable learning outcomes.

The primary purpose of szakmakeretek is to provide a common language for educators, students, employers, and policymakers. They guide the design of curricula and learning activities, shape qualification requirements, support the recognition of prior learning, and facilitate mobility and lifelong learning. By outlining what graduates should be able to do, they support transparent certification and quality assurance across providers.

Typically, szakmakeretek are organized around occupations or clusters of related skills and are mapped to levels within a national qualifications framework. They may include domains such as knowledge requirements, technical skills, and generic competences (communication, problem-solving, teamwork). Many frameworks also specify assessment methods, observation criteria, and pathways for progression to advanced qualifications.

Development and governance are usually the responsibility of sectoral bodies, educational authorities, or industry associations, often in collaboration with employers and unions. They are periodically updated to reflect technological change, evolving labor market needs, and international alignment, including crosswalks to European or international qualification frameworks.

In practice, szakmakeretek support curriculum development, accreditation, and workforce planning. They contribute to clearer qualification standards, increased transparency for learners and employers, and improved recognition of credentials across institutions and borders.