Systemreglers

Systemreglers refer to devices and algorithms that regulate the behavior of a system by comparing a measured variable to a desired setpoint and applying a corrective action through actuators. They operate within feedback loops to maintain stability and performance in the face of disturbances.

Core components include sensors that measure the process variable, controllers that compute the appropriate control action, actuators that impart the action to the plant, and the plant itself—the process being controlled. The controller receives the reference signal and the measured output, computes an input signal, and the actuator uses that signal to influence the plant. Distinctions exist between closed-loop regulation and open-loop control; systemreglers emphasize the automatic correction of errors.

Common approaches include classical continuous-time controllers like proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers; modern approaches such as model predictive control (MPC), state-space controllers, and adaptive or robust control. Controllers can be implemented in analog hardware or digitally in programmable logic controllers or embedded systems. Design goals include stability, fast response, minimal overshoot, good disturbance rejection, and robustness to model uncertainty.

Applications span manufacturing automation, power generation and grids, automotive engine regulation, HVAC systems, robotics, and process industries. The term systemregler is used in some languages (e.g., Swedish) to describe any mechanism that regulates a system, from simple regulators to complex control architectures. See also control theory, feedback, PID controller, MPC.