Sydänohjaimet

Sydänohjaimet, also known as pacemakers, are small electronic devices implanted in the body to help regulate abnormal heart rhythms. They are typically used when the heart beats too slowly (bradycardia) or when there are disruptions in the electrical signals that control the heartbeat. A pacemaker consists of a pulse generator, which contains a battery and circuitry, and one or more wires called leads that are threaded through veins into the heart chambers. These leads monitor the heart's electrical activity and deliver electrical impulses to the heart muscle when needed to ensure a regular heartbeat.

The decision to implant a pacemaker is made by a cardiologist after a thorough evaluation of the patient's heart condition. The implantation procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and sedation, and involves making a small incision, typically below the collarbone, to insert the pulse generator. The leads are then guided into position within the heart. Once implanted, the pacemaker continuously monitors the heart rate and rhythm. If it detects a deviation from the programmed settings, it sends electrical pulses to the heart to correct the rhythm.

Modern pacemakers are highly sophisticated and can be programmed to adapt to a patient's changing needs. They can be adjusted non-invasively using an external programmer. The battery life of a pacemaker varies, but most last between 5 to 15 years, after which the pulse generator needs to be replaced in a relatively simple procedure. Pacemakers significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with heart rhythm disorders, enabling them to lead more active and fulfilling lives.