Stepdance

Stepdance is a form of dance in which the rhythm is primarily produced by precise, timed movements of the feet. The term covers a range of traditions and styles that emphasize percussive footwork, but it is most commonly associated with Irish dance. In broader usage, stepdance can also describe certain forms of tap, clog, and other dances where the feet strike the floor to create sound.

Irish stepdance originated in Ireland and developed from folk dancing, bardic performance, and church music between the 17th and 19th centuries. It is characterized by a stiff upper body and limited arm movement, with rapid, intricate footwork executed in time to Irish music. Dancers use soft shoes for light, gliding steps and hard shoes for heavier, stamping rhythms. Competitions, known as feiseanna, assess technique, timing, posture, and musicality. International governing bodies include organizations such as An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha and the Irish Dancing Commission.

In other contexts, stepdance appears in North American and British entertainment through ceilidh shows, theatrical productions, and training studios. The late 20th century saw a surge of popularity for Irish stepdance in popular media through productions like Riverdance and Lord of the Dance, which helped spread interest in traditional and contemporary repertoires.

While Irish stepdance remains the most widely recognized form, the term stepdance also encompasses related percussive styles that place emphasis on rhythmical footwork as a central expressive element.