Spollventiler

Spollventiler, often translated as spool valves, are a type of directional control valve used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Their primary function is to direct the flow of fluid or gas to different parts of a system, thereby controlling the movement of actuators like cylinders or motors. A spool valve consists of a cylindrical or spool-shaped component that moves within a matching bore. This spool has precisely machined lands and grooves that, as it slides, connect or block ports in the valve body.

The operation of a spool valve is typically initiated by an external force, such as a solenoid, lever, or pilot pressure, which moves the spool. Depending on the spool's position, different ports are opened or closed, creating specific flow paths. For instance, in a simple two-position spool valve, the spool might connect a pressure port to a cylinder port in one position, causing the cylinder to extend, and connect the cylinder port to a tank or exhaust port in the other position, allowing the cylinder to retract.

Spool valves are favored for their simplicity, reliability, and relatively fast response times. They can be designed with various configurations, including two-way, three-way, and four-way valves, and can accommodate multiple operating positions. The number of ports and the arrangement of lands on the spool determine the valve's functionality and the number of circuits it can control. Their versatility makes them a common component in a wide range of industrial machinery, mobile equipment, and automation systems.