Sorafenibi

Sorafenibi, also known as sorafenib, is an oral multikinase inhibitor used in cancer therapy. It targets several kinases involved in tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, most notably the RAF kinases (CRAF/RAF-1 and BRAF) and multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, including VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-β, FLT3, RET, and KIT. By inhibiting these pathways, sorafenibi aims to slow tumor growth and reduce tumor blood vessel formation.

Indications for sorafenibi include advanced renal cell carcinoma, unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. It is also used off-label for various other tumor types in some settings. The drug is administered orally, typically as 400 mg twice daily, taken with or without meals. Dosing may be adjusted for tolerance and in response to adverse effects.

Pharmacokinetically, sorafenibi is absorbed after oral administration and has a relatively long terminal half-life. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, mainly by CYP3A4, and excreted largely in the feces, with some biliary excretion. Because of hepatic metabolism and potential drug interactions, concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors or inducers requires caution.

Common adverse effects include hypertension, hand-foot skin reaction, rash, diarrhea, fatigue, and alopecia. Elevations in liver enzymes and other liver toxicities can occur, warranting regular laboratory monitoring. Sorafenibi can interact with other cardiovascular or anticancer therapies and should be used with caution in patients with significant liver impairment or during pregnancy, where it may pose risks to the fetus.

Brand names include Nexavar, and it is widely used as part of targeted cancer therapy regimens.