differentiated

Differentiated is the past participle of differentiate. In general use, it means made distinct or characterized by differences. In mathematics, differentiation refers to the process of determining a derivative, the instantaneous rate of change of a function with respect to a variable. A differentiated function has a derivative at a point or over an interval. Derivatives are central to calculus and underpin concepts such as slope, optimization, and the description of motion. Common techniques include the power rule, product rule, chain rule, and implicit differentiation.

In biology, differentiation describes the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cell types, such as muscle, nerve, or epithelial cells. Differentiation is guided by gene expression, signaling molecules, and cellular context and is essential for development, tissue formation, and organismal function.

In education, differentiated instruction refers to tailoring teaching to students' readiness, interests, and learning profiles. Teachers adjust content, processes, products, and learning environments to support diverse learners and improve engagement and outcomes.

In business and marketing, differentiation refers to strategies that distinguish a product or service from competitors, often through unique features, quality, branding, or customer experience. Effective differentiation can create a competitive advantage and influence pricing and market share.

Other uses include philosophy and linguistics, where differentiation denotes the act of distinguishing concepts or linguistic forms.