Solenia

Solenia is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly known as sunflowers. These plants are native to North America and are characterized by their large, daisy-like flower heads. Solenia species typically have sturdy, erect stems and large, rough leaves. The flowers themselves are usually yellow with darker centers, though some varieties may have variations in color.

The genus Solenia contains a few recognized species, with Solenia annua being the most well-known and widely cultivated. This species is often referred to as common sunflower. Solenia plants are annuals, meaning they complete their life cycle in a single growing season. They are known for their rapid growth and their ability to produce substantial seeds.

Cultivation of Solenia species, particularly Solenia annua, is widespread for both ornamental and agricultural purposes. They are popular garden plants due to their striking appearance and are also grown commercially for their edible seeds, which are a source of oil and protein. The oil extracted from Solenia seeds is used in cooking and in various industrial applications. The seeds themselves are consumed roasted, as a snack, or processed into sunflower butter.

Solenia plants are generally easy to grow and thrive in full sun and well-drained soil. They are relatively drought-tolerant once established. Their ecological role includes providing food and habitat for various birds and insects. The genus is of scientific interest for its genetic diversity and its long history of cultivation by indigenous peoples of North America.