Sinüse

Sinüse refers to a condition characterized by inflammation or infection of the sinuses, which are hollow spaces within the bones of the skull connected to the nasal cavity. These cavities are lined with a mucous membrane that produces mucus, helping to trap dust and other particles and to humidify inhaled air. When this lining becomes inflamed, it can swell and block the sinus openings, leading to a buildup of mucus. This trapped mucus can then become a breeding ground for bacteria or viruses, causing an infection.

Symptoms of sinüse can vary but commonly include nasal congestion, a runny nose, facial pain or pressure, headache, and a reduced sense of smell. The discharge from the nose may be thick and discolored, and individuals may experience a sore throat or cough, especially at night. The duration of symptoms can indicate whether the sinüse is acute, lasting less than four weeks, or chronic, persisting for twelve weeks or longer, even with treatment.

Causes of sinüse include viral infections, such as the common cold, which are the most frequent culprits for acute cases. Bacterial infections can also cause or follow viral infections. Other contributing factors can be allergies, nasal polyps, or a deviated septum, which can obstruct sinus drainage and predispose individuals to inflammation and infection. Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms and a physical examination, though imaging studies like CT scans may be used for complex or chronic cases. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation and clear the infection, often involving nasal saline rinses, decongestants, corticosteroids, and antibiotics if a bacterial infection is confirmed.