Servostångstyrning

Servostångstyrning, often referred to as power steering, is a system that reduces the effort required from the driver to steer a vehicle. It achieves this by using a power source, typically hydraulic or electric, to amplify the steering input. Without servostångstyrning, turning the steering wheel would demand considerable physical force, especially at low speeds or when parking.

Hydraulic servostångstyrning systems utilize a pump, usually driven by the engine's crankshaft, to generate hydraulic pressure. This pressure is directed through a control valve that responds to the driver's turning of the steering wheel. The valve then directs the pressurized fluid to either side of a hydraulic cylinder integrated into the steering mechanism, effectively assisting the driver's effort.

Electric servostångstyrning (EPS) systems have become increasingly common. Instead of a hydraulic pump, an electric motor provides the assistance. Sensors detect the steering wheel's movement and the torque applied by the driver. An electronic control unit (ECU) then commands the electric motor to apply the necessary torque to the steering system, supplementing the driver's input. EPS systems offer advantages such as improved fuel efficiency, as they only draw power when steering assistance is needed, and greater flexibility in tuning steering feel.

Both hydraulic and electric servostångstyrning systems significantly improve driving comfort and maneuverability, making vehicles easier to control in various driving conditions. The evolution from hydraulic to electric systems reflects advancements in automotive technology, aiming for greater efficiency and integration with other vehicle electronic systems.