Sensorineuraalseteks

Sensorineuraalseteks refers to a type of hearing loss characterized by damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve pathways from the inner ear to the brain. This is in contrast to conductive hearing loss, which involves problems with the outer or middle ear. Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common type of hearing impairment.

The causes of sensorineural hearing loss are varied. Age-related hearing loss, known as presbycusis, is a primary contributor. Exposure to loud noises over time, or even a single extremely loud event, can also damage the delicate hair cells in the cochlea responsible for transmitting sound signals. Certain medications, particularly ototoxic drugs used in chemotherapy or for other medical conditions, can lead to inner ear damage. Genetic factors, certain illnesses like Meniere's disease, infections such as meningitis, and head trauma are other potential causes. In some cases, the cause may remain unknown, referred to as idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss.

Symptoms typically include difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, a muffled sound quality, and a ringing or buzzing in the ears (tinnitus). The progression of sensorineural hearing loss can be gradual or sudden. Diagnosis involves audiological tests, such as audiometry, which measure hearing thresholds across different frequencies. Treatment options for sensorineural hearing loss are limited, as the damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve is often irreversible. Hearing aids are commonly prescribed to amplify sound and make it easier to hear. Cochlear implants are a surgical option for individuals with severe to profound hearing loss who do not benefit sufficiently from hearing aids. Early detection and intervention can help manage the condition and improve quality of life.