Semontmanööver

Semontmanööver is a diagnostic and therapeutic maneuver used to treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), a common inner ear disorder. BPPV is characterized by brief, intense episodes of vertigo and dizziness that occur when a person changes their head position. This condition is usually caused by displaced otoconia, also known as otoliths or ear crystals, which are small calcium carbonate particles found in the inner ear. When these particles become dislodged and move into one of the semicircular canals, they can cause false signals of movement to the brain, resulting in vertigo.

The Semont maneuver, developed by Dr. Jean-Pierre Semont, is designed to move these displaced otoconia out of the affected semicircular canal and back into the utricle, where they are normally located. The maneuver involves a specific sequence of head and body movements. The patient is typically seated on an examination table. First, the patient's head is turned towards the affected ear. Then, in one rapid motion, the patient is lowered to a lying position on their side, with their head still turned towards the affected ear. They remain in this position for a short period, usually about 30 seconds to a minute, or until the vertigo subsides. Finally, the patient is quickly moved to a position lying on their back, with the head held level. After another brief pause, they are slowly returned to an upright sitting position.

The Semont maneuver is effective for treating posterior semicircular canal BPPV, which is the most common type. It is a relatively simple procedure that can often be performed in a doctor's office. While generally safe, some patients may experience brief dizziness or nausea during or immediately after the maneuver. It is important for the procedure to be performed correctly to ensure optimal results. Other maneuvers, such as the Epley maneuver, are also used to treat BPPV, with the choice of maneuver often depending on which semicircular canal is affected.