Selvages

Selvages, also spelled selvedges in some varieties of English, are the self-finished edges of woven fabrics. They run parallel to the length of the fabric and are produced by the weaving process to prevent the fabric from fraying or unraveling. The selvage is typically more tightly woven than the main body of the fabric and may incorporate a slightly different weave or density at the edge.

The term selvage derives from the idea of a self-edge. In British English, selvedge is the common spelling, while selvage is more frequently used in American English. Both refer to the same concept and are understood in textile contexts.

Characteristics and appearance vary by fabric. A selvage edge is usually narrower than the fabric width and can display a distinctive finish, such as a different weave structure or a colored thread in the weft, which is particularly notable in denim fabrics. This color cue, often seen as a colored line along the edge, helps identify certain types of fabric and can be a mark of quality or vintage production.

Uses and significance. In garment and textile production, the selvage is generally cut away or used sparingly in seam allowances, depending on the fabric and design. Selvage edges can contribute to fabric stability and reduce fraying during handling and sewing. In some cases, especially with denim, the selvage edge is preserved and valued for its aesthetic and historical associations.