selvage

Selvage, also spelled selvedge, is the self-finished edge that runs along the length of a fabric, parallel to the warp. It is produced by the weaving process and is typically not cut during manufacturing. The selvage edge tends to be tighter and more uniform than the fabric body and may carry a distinct color, pattern, or inscription from the loom.

Most fabrics have selvages on both sides, creating the usable width between them. This width can differ from the full fabric width because the selvages occupy part of the finished edge. The primary purpose of the selvage is to prevent fraying and unraveling of the fabric edge and to stabilize the weave during handling, cutting, and sewing.

In practice, the selvage can be a notable feature in certain fabrics. Selvage denim, woven on shuttle looms, is especially valued for its narrow, finished edge and often a colored thread running along the edge. This edge is visible when the fabric is cut and the selvages are left intact, contributing to a traditional or premium look.

Etymology and spelling vary by region; selvage is the American spelling, while selvedge is common in British usage. Both refer to the same concept: the finished, non-fraying edge produced by the loom.

In sewing and textile production, the selvage is usually kept intact during weaving but may be trimmed away during final garment construction, depending on the pattern and desired finish. Some crafts also repurpose selvage scraps for decorative purposes or edging.