SelbstmitgefühlTraining

Selbstmitgefühl, or self-compassion, is a psychological construct describing how people treat themselves in moments of pain, failure, or perceived inadequacy. It combines a caring response toward oneself, a recognition that suffering is part of the shared human experience, and mindful awareness of painful thoughts and feelings without over-identifying with them. Self-compassion is distinct from self-pity or self-indulgence, emphasizing warmth and supportive action rather than harsh self-criticism.

The concept was popularized in Western psychology by Kristin Neff, who identifies three core components: self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness. Self-kindness involves being warm and understanding toward oneself rather than harshly critical. Common humanity reflects the sense that suffering is a universal human experience, not a unique flaw. Mindfulness entails maintaining balanced, nonjudgmental awareness of one’s emotions in the present moment, rather than suppressing or exaggerating them.

Measurement and research have utilized tools such as the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) to assess these attitudes. A substantial body of evidence associates higher self-compassion with lower levels of anxiety and depression, reduced rumination, greater emotional regulation, and higher well-being and resilience, particularly in the face of stress. Findings are generally positive across diverse populations, though cultural factors can influence how self-compassion is expressed and perceived.

Applications include clinical and educational settings, where interventions rooted in mindfulness and compassion-focused approaches aim to cultivate Selbstmitgefühl. While beneficial, self-compassion is not a substitute for professional treatment when needed. Practices such as compassionate self-talk, mindfulness exercises, and loving-kindness meditation are commonly used to develop this capacity.