Scutigerids

Scutigerids are a group of centipedes comprising the members of the order Scutigeromorpha, primarily placed in the family Scutigeridae. They are distinguished by long, slender bodies, very elongated legs, and a swift, deliberate gait. The best-known representative is the house centipede, Scutigera coleoptrata, but many other scutigerids occur in leaf litter, under stones, and in soil across temperate and tropical regions. Typical adults have 15 pairs of legs, two long sensory antennae, and well-developed eyes, though eye size and presence vary among species.

Morphology and feeding adaptations include the forcipules, modified first pair of legs near the mouth that deliver venom to their prey. Scutigerids are faster and more mobile than many other centipedes, aided by their long legs and light, flexible bodies. They are carnivorous, feeding on small arthropods such as insects, spiders, and mites.

Distribution and habitat extend across much of the world, with many species occupying moist microhabitats in forests, grasslands, or under rocks and logs. Some species, especially Scutigera coleoptrata, have become cosmopolitan through human activity and are commonly found indoors in warm, humid environments.

Ecology and life history involve nocturnal predation and rapid movement to capture prey. Reproduction is sexual, and females lay eggs in soil or leaf litter. Juveniles hatch as small, leg-bearing versions of adults and undergo several molts to reach full size; there is no larval stage.

Impact and relations with humans are generally beneficial, as scutigerids help control small pest populations. They are usually harmless to people, with bites being rare and typically not dangerous.