Schienbeinknochens

The Schienbeinknochen, commonly known as the tibia, is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg, located on the medial (inner) side. It is the second longest bone in the human body, surpassed only by the femur. The tibia articulates proximally with the femur at the knee joint and distally with the talus bone of the ankle. It also articulates laterally with the fibula, the smaller bone of the lower leg.

The tibia serves as a primary weight-bearing bone, transmitting forces from the femur to the foot. Its proximal end, the tibial plateau, forms the weight-bearing surface of the knee joint. The distal end features the medial malleolus, a prominent bony projection that forms the inner part of the ankle. The shaft of the tibia is roughly triangular in cross-section and features the tibial tuberosity on its anterior surface, a crucial attachment point for the patellar tendon.

Injuries to the tibia are common, ranging from stress fractures to complete breaks. These can occur due to direct trauma, overuse, or falls. The tibia's superficial location makes it susceptible to external impacts. Medical conditions such as shin splints, a general term for pain along the inner edge of the shinbone, are often related to overuse and inflammation of the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue surrounding the tibia. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for recovery and preventing long-term complications.