Saltire

A saltire is a heraldic symbol consisting of a diagonal cross that runs from corner to corner, forming four arms at a 45-degree angle. It is often depicted as a lighter cross on a darker field or vice versa and is treated as a specific type of cross in heraldic terminology.

The term saltire is used to describe this X-shaped cross and is closely associated with Saint Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland, who is traditionally believed to have been martyred on an X-shaped cross. Because of this association, the saltire has become a primary symbol linked to Scotland.

In flag design and heraldry, the saltire appears in a variety of contexts. The national flag of Scotland, commonly known as the Saltire or St Andrew’s Cross, features a white saltire on a blue field. Other flags incorporate the saltire with different colors and additional elements; for example, Jamaica’s flag uses a gold saltire that divides the field into green and black triangles. Beyond flags, saltire patterns appear in coats of arms, municipal logos, and broader heraldic devices around the world, often adapted with different tinctures and charges.

In heraldry, the saltire is one of several cross forms used to create complex emblems. It can be shown in a plain design or stylized and may include features such as fimbriation or embattling, depending on stylistic and regional traditions. The saltire remains a widely recognized symbol in vexillology and heraldry.