Sahifedars

Sahifedars were scribes and record-keepers in the Mughal Empire, serving as essential administrative and bureaucratic officials. The term *sahifedar* derives from the Persian words *sahifa* (meaning "letter" or "document") and *dar* (meaning "holder" or "keeper"), collectively translating to "document keeper" or "scribe." Their primary role was to maintain official records, draft correspondence, and assist in the management of imperial affairs.

Sahifedars were typically employed in the imperial court, provincial governorships, and military camps. They were responsible for recording financial transactions, land grants, military musters, and other administrative details. Their work ensured the accuracy and continuity of imperial records, which were vital for governance, taxation, and legal proceedings. Sahifedars often worked alongside other officials such as *qazis* (judges), *diwanis* (financial administrators), and *faujdar*s (military commanders).

The position of sahifedar was considered semi-literate, requiring proficiency in Persian script and basic administrative skills. While not always highly educated, they were expected to be meticulous and trustworthy. Some sahifedars rose to prominence by demonstrating competence, earning promotions or specialized roles within the bureaucracy.

The decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century led to a gradual reduction in the influence of sahifedars, as centralized administration weakened. However, their legacy endured in the broader tradition of imperial record-keeping in South Asia. The role of scribes and record-keepers continued to evolve, adapting to colonial and later modern administrative systems. Today, the term *sahifedar* remains a historical reference to the bureaucratic structure of the Mughal period.