Ráncosodás

Ráncosodás refers to the formation of wrinkles in the skin, a hallmark of aging. It results from a combination of intrinsic aging—genetic and metabolic changes—and extrinsic factors such as sun exposure (photoaging), smoking, pollution, poor skincare, dehydration, and repetitive facial movements. The process involves thinning of the epidermis, degradation of dermal collagen and elastin, decreased synthesis of hyaluronic acid, and changes in the dermal matrix, leading to reduced elasticity and the formation of folds and creases.

Wrinkles can be dynamic (frown lines, crow’s feet) associated with muscle activity, and static wrinkles visible at rest after cumulative damage. Common sites include around the eyes, mouth, and neck. The rate and pattern of ráncosodás vary with genetics, skin type, lifestyle, and environmental exposure.

Prevention focuses on protecting skin from ultraviolet radiation, avoiding smoking, maintaining skin hydration and barrier function, and using skincare products that promote collagen turnover and hydration under professional guidance. Treatments range from topical approaches (retinoids, antioxidants, moisturizers) to non-invasive procedures (chemical peels, microdermabrasion, laser therapy, intense pulsed light) and invasive options (botulinum toxin injections for dynamic lines, dermal fillers for volume loss, facelifts for more advanced sagging). Early intervention and sun protection can slow progression, but complete reversal is limited because ráncosodás reflects cumulative structural changes in the skin over time.