Rysäkalastus

Rysäkalastus, also known as trap fishing or pound net fishing, is a traditional method of catching fish using a stationary, large-scale trap. It is a passive fishing technique, meaning the fish are caught by their own movement rather than by being actively pursued.

The basic structure of a rysä consists of a large, V-shaped or bag-shaped net anchored to the seabed or riverbed. The opening of the trap faces the direction of fish migration. As fish swim into the trap, they are guided by the netting and eventually become enclosed within the main body of the rysä. The mesh size of the net is typically chosen to allow smaller, non-target species to escape.

Rysäkalastus is often employed in areas with significant fish movement, such as straits, river mouths, and coastal areas. It can be highly selective depending on the design and placement of the trap. The method is considered sustainable when managed properly, as it does not involve the use of active gear that can disturb habitats or cause bycatch.

Historically, rysäkalastus has been practiced for centuries in various parts of the world, particularly in Northern Europe and North America. It remains an important fishing method in some regions, contributing to local economies and food security. Modern rysä designs may incorporate technological advancements for better monitoring and retrieval. The effectiveness of rysäkalastus is influenced by factors such as water currents, fish behavior, and the time of year.