Ritning

Ritning is a term that denotes the representation of forms, objects, or information on a surface through lines and marks. In Swedish usage, it covers both artistic drawing and a broad range of technical drawings, such as architectural plans, engineering blueprints, and schematic diagrams. The word derives from the verb rita, to draw.

In art, ritning refers to the practice of making marks to depict subjects, study anatomy, express ideas, or create compositions. Techniques include freehand drawing, line work, shading, hatching, and use of perspective. In technical contexts, ritning denotes precise drawings that communicate geometry, dimensions, tolerances, and assembly relationships. Such drawings rely on standardized projection methods, line conventions, and notation.

Historically, drawing has served as a primary means of visual communication. From prehistoric markings and Renaissance studies of perspective to modern computer-aided design, ritning has evolved with technology. Today, drawings may be produced by hand or generated digitally, with CAD tools playing a central role in engineering and architecture.

Tools and media range from graphite pencils and charcoal on paper to ink pens, markers, watercolor for artistic works, and software for technical drawings. Drafting instruments like rulers, compasses, and protractors supported precision before digital drafting.

Ritning remains essential for planning, design, education, and documentation. It enables visualization, testing of ideas, and clear transmission of information across disciplines and languages.