Rilassamenti

Rilassamenti is the plural of rilassamento, referring to a state or process of reducing mental and muscular tension. In medical, psychological and sport contexts, the term denotes techniques or conditions designed to promote relaxation and lower physiological arousal. The basic aim is to shift the autonomic nervous system toward a parasympathetic dominance, reducing muscle tone, slowing breathing, and lowering heart rate and cortisol levels, with concurrent subjective effects such as calmness and improved focus.

Techniques commonly used include progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), developed by Edmund Jacobson, which alternates tensing and releasing muscle groups; autogenic training, developed by Johannes Heinrich Schultz, using self-suggestion to induce warmth and heaviness; diaphragmatic breathing and other breathing exercises; mindfulness and guided imagery, as well as biofeedback. These methods can be taught individually or in groups and are often used in combination with psychoeducation about stress management.

Applications span anxiety disorders, insomnia, chronic pain, headaches, irritable bowel syndrome, rehabilitation, and athletic performance. Evidence supports modest to moderate benefits for anxiety and sleep quality; PMR and other relaxation practices are commonly recommended as adjuncts to evidence-based treatments. Limitations include the need for consistent practice, individual variability in response, and not replacing medical or psychological therapy when indicated. Potential risks are low but can include temporary emotional tension when confronting stress memories.