Retinopatie

Retinopatie refers to damage to the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This damage can impair vision and, in severe cases, lead to blindness. There are numerous causes of retinopatie, with diabetes being one of the most common. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, causing them to leak fluid or blood, or to close off entirely. This can lead to the formation of new, abnormal blood vessels, which are fragile and prone to bleeding.

Other forms of retinopatie exist, such as hypertensive retinopathy, which is caused by high blood pressure damaging retinal blood vessels. Retrolental fibroplasia, now more commonly known as retinopathy of prematurity, affects premature infants whose eyes have not fully developed. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is another significant cause of vision loss, particularly in older adults, affecting the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision.

Symptoms of retinopatie can vary depending on the cause and severity but often include blurred vision, floaters (spots or lines in the field of vision), and in later stages, vision loss. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing retinopatie and preventing further vision deterioration. Treatment options depend on the specific type and stage of the condition and may include laser therapy, injections into the eye, or surgery. Regular eye examinations are recommended, especially for individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of eye disease.