AMD

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company that designs and markets computer processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), and related technologies. Its product portfolio includes the Ryzen line of desktop and mobile CPUs, the Radeon line of GPUs, and semi-custom system-on-chip solutions used by game consoles such as Sony PlayStation and Microsoft Xbox. AMD operates as a fabless company, outsourcing manufacturing to third-party foundries, and serves customers in PC, data center, embedded, and consumer electronics segments. The company is headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and is publicly traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol AMD.

AMD was founded in 1969 by Jerry Sanders and seven co-founders. Through the 1980s and 1990s it built a reputation as a major supplier of x86-compatible microprocessors, often as a second source for Intel. A milestone was the introduction of the AMD64 architecture in 2003, extending x86 to 64-bit computing; the instruction set was later adopted by Intel as Intel 64. In 2006 AMD acquired ATI Technologies, expanding into discrete graphics and later integrated CPU–GPU designs (APUs).

AMD spun off its manufacturing operations as GlobalFoundries in 2010, retaining design and engineering. Since then, most of AMD's manufacturing has been conducted by external foundries, notably TSMC, on processes such as 7nm and beyond. The company introduced the Zen microarchitecture in 2017, powering the Ryzen, Threadripper, and EPYC lineups, and helping AMD gain significant share against Intel in many markets. In graphics, AMD has pursued the RDNA architectures for gaming and data-center GPUs, alongside Radeon Pro and Instinct accelerators.