Refluxbetegségek

Refluxbetegségek, commonly referred to as GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease), describe a chronic condition where stomach acid or bile irritates the lining of the esophagus. This occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter, a muscular ring that acts as a valve between the esophagus and the stomach, malfunctions and allows stomach contents to flow back upwards.

The most common symptom of refluxbetegségek is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that often occurs after eating or at night. Other symptoms can include regurgitation of food or sour liquid, difficulty swallowing, a sensation of a lump in the throat, chronic cough, laryngitis, or new or worsening asthma. While occasional heartburn is common and usually not serious, persistent symptoms may indicate refluxbetegségek.

Several factors can contribute to the development or worsening of refluxbetegségek. These include obesity, hiatal hernia (where part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm), delayed stomach emptying, pregnancy, and certain lifestyle choices such as smoking, consuming trigger foods (like fatty foods, spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol), and eating large meals.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms and medical history. In some cases, a doctor may recommend further tests such as an upper endoscopy to visualize the esophagus, a barium swallow test, or an esophageal manometry to assess the function of the esophageal muscles.

Treatment strategies aim to reduce acid production, improve the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, and protect the esophageal lining. This often begins with lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes, weight loss, and avoiding triggers. Medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently prescribed to reduce stomach acid. In severe or persistent cases, surgery may be considered.