Raschelstoffe

Raschelstoffe are fabrics produced with a special type of cylindrical knitting machine called a Raschelknäuter. Unlike flat knitting, the machine combines knitting and weaving in one pass, creating a semi-cylindrical fabric that can be carded or twisted to form a dense, airy material. The characteristic of Raschel knitting is its ability to produce open-walled, breathable structure with centimetre‑to‑millimetre gaps that allow for ventilation, lightness and flexibility.

The manufacturing process uses a set of roving or yarns fed into a rotary head. The yarns are drawn through the needles in a pattern that can be configured for a wide range of stitch sizes and structures. By adjusting the knitting density and the twist of the yarn, manufacturers can generate fabrics ranging from loose, mesh‑like sheets suitable for sports apparel to tightly knit, abrasion‑resistant sheets used in upholstery, auto interiors, or industrial filter materials.

Historically, Raschel knitting originated in the early 20th century as a solution to increase production speed for knitwear. Over time, the technology has evolved, incorporating computer control and high‑speed electronics that allow for precise patterning and integration of functional additives such as thermoplastic fibers or conductive yarns. Contemporary Raschelstoffe are appreciated for their combination of softness, durability, and breathability, making them a popular choice in casual clothing, activewear, and home textiles. They are also valued in the medical and safety sectors, where their permeability and ease of sterilisation are advantageous.

In terms of sustainability, many manufacturers now use recycled polyester or natural fibers to produce Raschelstoffe, aligning with growing environmental concerns. The fabrics are machine washable, can be micro‑dieselized to improve efficiency, and have a relatively low environmental footprint compared to woven equivalents that require more complex processing steps.