Querprofil

Querprofil, in English often described as the transverse profile or cross-section, refers to the geometric shape of a component’s cross-section as seen perpendicular to its length. It is a fundamental descriptor in mechanical and civil engineering, used to evaluate how a member carries loads, resists bending and torsion, and exhibits stiffness. The term emphasizes geometry over material.

Common cross-sectional profiles include solid shapes such as rectangles and circles, and hollow forms such as tubes, rings, or annuli. More complex profiles arise from rolled, extruded, or stamped parts, including I-beams, T-beams, channels, and custom irregular shapes. A profile may be constant along the length or vary to tailor strength, weight, and manufacturability, as in tapered or stepped sections.

Key geometric properties of a querprofil are its cross-sectional area (A), the centroid position, and the second moments of area (I_x, I_y) about principal axes, as well as the polar moment of area (J) for torsion. For example, a rectangle with width b and height h has I_x = b h^3 / 12 and I_y = h b^3 / 12 about its centroidal axes, while a circle of radius r has I = π r^4 / 4. These properties determine bending stiffness (E I), deflections, buckling behavior, and torque resistance.

Applications span beams and frames in construction, shafts and machine components, pipelines, and any element where load paths and deformation must be analyzed. Accurate querprofil specification is essential for performance, weight control, and manufacturability.