Queasiness

Queasiness is a general term for a mild, uncomfortable sensation in the stomach that often precedes nausea. It is typically described as unease, fullness, or stomach discomfort rather than a full urge to vomit. Queasiness may be accompanied by hypersalivation, sweating, lightheadedness, or pallor and can occur in a wide range of situations.

Common causes include pregnancy, motion sickness, gastroenteritis, food intolerance or overconsumption, alcohol, and medication side effects (such as chemotherapy, opioids, antibiotics). Functional gastrointestinal disorders and anxiety or stress can also produce queasiness, as can inner ear disorders that affect balance.

The underlying mechanism involves autonomic nervous system activation and input from the vestibular system and chemoreceptor trigger zone. Serotonin signaling, particularly 5-HT3 receptor activity, and hormonal changes (notably during pregnancy) can contribute to the sensation.

Evaluation is typically clinical. Red flags requiring medical attention include severe or persistent vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, vomiting blood, chest pain, confusion, fever, or symptoms lasting beyond a few days without improvement.

Management focuses on treating the cause and easing symptoms. Self-care includes rest, small sips of fluid, and gradual reintroduction of bland foods. Antiemetic medications (for example dimenhydrinate, meclizine, ondansetron, or metoclopramide) may be used as appropriate; antiemetic choice depends on the situation and safety in pregnancy.

Prevention and prognosis depend on the underlying cause. Avoiding triggers, staying hydrated, and recognizing early signs of dehydration help in mild cases. Most episodes are self-limited, but recurrent or persistent queasiness warrants medical evaluation to rule out more serious conditions.