Põletikuvastused

Põletikuvastused, often translated as anti-inflammatories, are a class of drugs that reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. They are widely used to treat a variety of conditions, from minor aches and pains to chronic inflammatory diseases. The primary mechanism of action for many anti-inflammatories involves inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are chemical messengers that play a key role in the inflammatory process.

There are two main categories of anti-inflammatories: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, are available over-the-counter and by prescription. They work by blocking enzymes called cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), which are involved in prostaglandin synthesis. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are potent anti-inflammatory agents that mimic the effects of hormones produced by the adrenal glands. They are typically used for more severe inflammatory conditions and are available by prescription only.

While effective, anti-inflammatories can have side effects. NSAIDs may cause gastrointestinal issues like ulcers and bleeding, as well as kidney problems and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Corticosteroids can lead to a range of side effects, including weight gain, mood changes, increased susceptibility to infection, and bone thinning with long-term use. It is important to use these medications as directed by a healthcare professional and to be aware of potential risks.