Pseudocode

Pseudocode is a method of expressing algorithms in a format that resembles programming language syntax but is not bound to any specific language. Its main aim is to convey the steps and logic of an algorithm clearly and succinctly, making it easier to translate the design into actual code in various languages.

It typically blends natural language with structured constructs such as variables, assignments, conditionals, loops, and calls to procedures. Common forms include if-then-else, while and for loops, and begin-end blocks. Because pseudocode has no universal standard, authors choose styles that emphasize clarity for the intended audience.

As a planning tool rather than a runnable specification, pseudocode is used for design, documentation, and teaching. It can be refined into concrete code by supplying language-specific syntax, data types, and library calls. It is often used alongside flowcharts and stepwise refinement to manage complexity during software development.

Limitations include potential ambiguity and inconsistent interpretation across readers. Since there is no formal syntax, the same construct may be written differently by others, which can hinder communication. Despite these drawbacks, pseudocode remains a widely adopted bridge between algorithm design and implementation.

Example:

Algorithm SumToN(n)

total := 0

for i from 1 to n do

total := total + i

end for

return total