Prothesiologie

Prothesiologie is the field that encompasses the design, fabrication, fitting, and ongoing management of prosthetic devices and other assistive technologies intended to replace lost limbs or restore function. It combines elements of biomedical engineering, rehabilitation medicine, and orthotics, and it often overlaps with prosthetics and orthotics. The principal focus is on upper- and lower-limb prostheses, along with cosmetic and functional devices, sockets, liners, suspensions, and alignment systems.

Modern prothesiologie uses a range of devices from body-powered and myoelectric prostheses to advanced microprocessor-controlled, osseointegrated, and neural-controlled systems. Materials include carbon fiber composites, advanced polymers, silicones, and metals. Particular attention is paid to socket design, alignment, weight, cosmetic appearance, and durability. Osseointegration refers to implanting a fixation that transmits forces to the skeleton, sometimes used when socket-based limbs do not fit well. Control methods aim to translate user intent into movement, with ongoing research in sensory feedback and intuitive control.

The clinical process includes needs assessment, residual limb evaluation, measurement and casting or 3D scanning, prosthesis design, fabrication, and iterative fitting. Rehabilitation involves training, gait analysis, and adjustment to optimize function and comfort. The field emphasizes user-centered design, durability, and ease of use, with outcomes guided by functional and quality-of-life measures.

Professionals in prothesiologie—prosthetists and orthotists—often lead the work, operating within multidisciplinary teams that may include physicians, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and engineers. Education and licensure vary by country, but typically involve accredited programs and clinical internships.

Prothesiologie is part of the broader domain of rehabilitation engineering and restorative medicine, contributing to independence and quality of life for people with limb loss or impairment.