Privet

Privet is a common name for several species of flowering plants in the genus Ligustrum, in the olive family (Oleaceae). Native to Europe, North Africa, and Asia, privets are shrubs or small trees that are widely cultivated as ornamental hedges, screens, and topiary. They range from evergreen to deciduous forms and are valued for dense, fast growth and the ability to be shaped through pruning.

Most privets have opposite, simple leaves with smooth margins. In late spring, they produce small, white, highly scented flowers arranged in panicles. The flowers are followed by small, glossy drupes that mature to dark purple or black. Common examples include Ligustrum vulgare (common privet), Ligustrum sinense (Chinese privet), Ligustrum japonicum (Japanese privet), and Ligustrum lucidum (glossy privet). Growth habit and leaf type vary among species, with evergreen forms often used for year-round screening.

Cultivation and uses: Privets are popular for hedges and privacy screens in temperate gardens and parks. They tolerate a range of soils and light conditions, though well-drained soil and regular pruning help maintain shape and density. Some species tolerate drought once established and respond well to clipping.

Invasiveness and ecology: Several privet species have become invasive in parts of North America, Australia, and New Zealand, where they can form dense thickets that displace native vegetation and alter habitat structure. Management typically involves mechanical removal, pruning, or herbicide treatment to control regrowth.

Pests, diseases, and toxicity: Privets can be affected by aphids, scale, mites, and powdery mildew. All plant parts contain toxins, and the berries can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea if ingested by humans, though birds commonly feed on them.