Printingled

Printingled is a term used to describe technologies that integrate light-emitting diodes (LEDs) into printing processes. It can refer to LED-based exposure systems in electrophotographic printers, where an LED array replaces the traditional laser scanning unit, and to the emerging field of printed LEDs where LED devices are fabricated by printing methods on flexible or rigid substrates.

In LED-based exposure, the photoconductive surface is charged and then exposed row by row by a structured LED bar or array. The latent image controls toner or ink deposition, continuing with development, transfer, and fusing steps. LED engines provide stationary illumination with no moving laser scanning mirror, enabling compact, quiet operation and potential energy savings. Modern LED arrays offer uniform intensity and can support high print resolutions.

In the context of printed electronics, printed LEDs involve depositing light-emitting materials such as organic, quantum dot, or inorganic compounds via inkjet, screen, or aerosol jet processes onto substrates. The devices may be flexible and low-cost but face challenges with efficiency, brightness, lifetime, and encapsulation.

History and market aspects indicate that LED exposure approaches gained traction in office and production printers from the late 1990s onward, with manufacturers marketing LED printers noted for lower noise and fewer moving parts than laser printers. In printed electronics, interest has grown since the 2000s and 2010s, driven by demand for flexible and low-cost lighting solutions.

Applications range from office and production printers to specialized label printers and, more broadly, to early-stage flexible signage and wearable electronics. Widespread adoption depends on continued improvements in durability, efficiency, and production cost.