Preschool

Preschool is an early childhood education program for children before entering kindergarten. Definitions vary, but it commonly serves ages 3 to 5, though some programs admit younger or older children. Programs may be half-day or full-day and can be publicly funded, privately operated, or mixed.

Main goals include social-emotional development, language and literacy, early math, physical development, and cognitive skills such as concentration. Most programs emphasize play-based learning, guided activities, routines, cooperation, and independence.

A typical day includes teacher-led activities, free play at learning centers, circle or story time, meals or snacks, outdoor time, and rest for younger children. Curricula usually blend literacy and numeracy with art, science, music, and movement.

Staffing and quality vary. Classrooms generally have trained teachers or qualified caregivers and follow ratios and safety standards. Licensing and accreditation are common. Access depends on availability, cost, and eligibility for subsidies, with efforts toward inclusion for children with disabilities.

Evidence shows preschool can improve readiness for school and social-emotional and language development, especially in high-quality programs. Long-term benefits depend on program quality, continuity, and family involvement.

Terminology differs by country; terms such as nursery school or pre-kindergarten are common. Preschool typically precedes formal primary education and leads into kindergarten or first grade.