Pookkalam

Pookkalam is a traditional flower carpet created on the floor using flower petals and other natural materials. The term comes from Malayalam, with poovu meaning flower and kalam meaning pattern or time, reflecting the decorative nature of the design. Pookkalam is most closely associated with the Indian state of Kerala and the annual harvest festival of Onam.

During Onam, households lay a pookkalam in front of their homes as a welcoming gesture. Designs are usually circular and can range from simple geometric patterns to elaborate motifs inspired by nature and folklore. The pattern is typically renewed each morning of the festival, with petals added and the design expanded day by day, reaching its peak in the final day of Thiruvonam.

Materials and colors are chosen for contrast and fragrance. Fresh flower petals are the principal medium, with commonly used flowers including marigold, chrysanthemum, rose, jasmine, and hibiscus. Leaves, seeds, and sometimes colored powders or other natural materials are used to enhance details and color. While larger, more intricate pookkalam are common in temples and community centers, smaller homes may feature simpler designs.

Cultural significance centers on hospitality and prosperity, as pookkalam is believed to invite blessings for the household and to honor King Mahabali’s annual visit to earth during Onam. The practice embodies communal participation, creativity, and a connection to nature’s bounty, making pookkalam a distinctive and enduring aspect of Onam celebrations.