Polypropenfiber

Polypropenfiber is a synthetic filament produced from the polymerization of propylene monomers, typically through a Ziegler–Natta or metallocene catalytic process. The resulting polymer is a highly crystalline form of polypropylene that is extruded into continuous filaments and subsequently carded or spun into textile yarns. Because it is essentially a non‑woven version of polypropylene, it inherits many of the same chemical resistance and high melting point characteristics of the base polymer, but the fiber form endows it with distinct mechanical properties.

The production of polypropenfiber begins with the stabilization and dehydrogenation of propane to generate propylene gas. The propylene is then polymerized in a slurry or gas‑phase reactor under controlled temperature and pressure, with a catalyst that promotes isotactic configuration. During extrusion the melt is passed through a spinneret to form continuous filaments. Subsequent drawing and annealing steps increase the crystallinity and tensile strength of the fiber, yielding typical values of 180–200 MPa in tensile strength and a linear density ranging from 30 to 70 denier. The fibers have a low moisture uptake (~0.2 % by weight) and exhibit good chemical resistance to acids, bases, and most solvents.

Applications of polypropenfiber are most commonly found in carpeting, floor protection mats, and industrial non‑woven products such as filters, hygiene wipes, and disposable pads. Its high heat resistance allows use in automotive interior fabrics and protective coverings that must endure temperatures up to 120 °C. Because the fibers are UV stable and can be dyed in a wide range of colors, they are also used in sportswear and outdoor equipment, albeit in small volumes compared to polyester and nylon.

Polypropylene fibers, including polypropenfiber, are recyclable through mechanical reprocessing or chemical depolymerization, and their low embodied energy makes them an attractive alternative to natural fibers. However, the end‑of‑life disposal in landfills can create long‑lasting microplastic residues. Advances in bio‑based polypropylene and biodegradable variants are being explored to address environmental concerns.