Poliszaturáltak

Poliszaturáltak, often referred to as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are a type of fat that contains more than one double bond in their carbon chain. This molecular structure significantly impacts their physical properties and biological functions. Unlike saturated fats, which have single bonds between all carbon atoms and are typically solid at room temperature, polyunsaturated fats are generally liquid at room temperature due to the kinks introduced by the double bonds, which prevent them from packing tightly together.

There are two main categories of polyunsaturated fatty acids: omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The designation refers to the position of the first double bond from the omega (methyl) end of the fatty acid chain. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in sources like fatty fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts. Omega-6 fatty acids, such as linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA), are common in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.

Both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are considered essential fatty acids, meaning the human body cannot synthesize them and must obtain them through diet. They play crucial roles in various bodily functions, including cell membrane structure, brain development, inflammation regulation, and cardiovascular health. However, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in the diet is also important, as an imbalance can potentially influence inflammatory responses in the body.