docosahexaenoic

Docosahexaenoic acid, commonly abbreviated as DHA, is an omega-3 fatty acid with a 22-carbon chain and six double bonds. It is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that plays a crucial role in human health, particularly in brain development and function, as well as eye health. DHA is found in high concentrations in the brain's gray matter and the retina of the eye.

The human body can synthesize DHA from other omega-3 fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), but this conversion process is inefficient. Therefore, dietary intake of preformed DHA is important. Rich sources of DHA include fatty fish such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, and sardines. Algal oil is another significant source, making it a popular vegan and vegetarian alternative.

DHA is vital during pregnancy and infancy for the proper development of the fetal brain and nervous system. Studies suggest it may also contribute to cognitive function throughout life, potentially influencing learning and memory. In the eyes, DHA is a structural component of the photoreceptor membranes in the retina, essential for vision.

Research has explored the potential benefits of DHA supplementation for various conditions, although more conclusive evidence is often needed. It is generally recognized as safe when consumed in recommended amounts through food or supplements.