Pigmentverschiebungen

Pigmentverschiebungen, also known as pigmentary abnormalities, refer to changes in the distribution or amount of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. These alterations can manifest in various ways, affecting localized areas or the entire body.

One common type is hypopigmentation, where there is a loss of pigment, resulting in lighter patches of skin. Albinism is a generalized hypopigmentation condition affecting melanin production across the body, leading to very pale skin, hair, and eyes. Vitiligo is a condition characterized by the development of distinct depigmented patches on the skin. Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation can occur after skin injury or inflammation, where the affected area loses pigment temporarily or permanently.

Conversely, hyperpigmentation involves an increase in melanin, leading to darker patches of skin. Melasma is a common cause of facial hyperpigmentation, often associated with hormonal changes. Lentigines, commonly known as sunspots or age spots, are small, darkened patches that appear on sun-exposed skin. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can also result from skin injury or inflammation, causing the affected area to become darker.

The causes of pigmentverschiebungen are diverse and can include genetic factors, autoimmune responses, hormonal influences, sun exposure, and certain medical conditions or medications. Diagnosis often involves a visual examination, and in some cases, a skin biopsy or other diagnostic tests may be necessary to determine the underlying cause and guide treatment. Treatment strategies vary depending on the specific condition and may include topical medications, light therapy, or other dermatological interventions aimed at repigmentation or lightening the affected areas.