depigmented

Depigmented refers to a loss of normal color in a specific area of the body, most commonly the skin. This discoloration is due to a reduction or absence of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. Depigmentation can manifest in various ways, appearing as lighter patches, streaks, or even complete whitening of the affected area.

The causes of depigmentation are diverse. One common condition is vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin. Other causes can include genetic conditions like albinism, which affects melanin production throughout the body. Skin injuries, such as burns or chemical exposure, can also lead to localized depigmentation. Certain medical treatments, like chemotherapy, can sometimes cause temporary or permanent loss of pigment. Fungal infections, such as tinea versicolor, can also alter skin pigmentation, leading to lighter patches.

The extent and appearance of depigmentation vary greatly depending on the underlying cause. While depigmentation itself is usually not a medical threat, the cosmetic implications can be significant for affected individuals. In some cases, depigmentation can be associated with increased sensitivity to sunlight in the affected areas due to the lack of melanin's protective properties. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, and sometimes a biopsy or blood tests to determine the cause. Treatment options depend on the specific condition and may range from topical creams to light therapy or other medical interventions, though complete repigmentation is not always possible.